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Fitch “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Tashqi iqtisodiy faoliyat milliy banki” AJning "BB-" reytinglarini tasdiqladi, prognozi "Barqaror"

21.05.2021 1535

Wed 19 May, 2021 - 10:18 ET

Fitch Ratings - Moscow - 19 May 2021: (ingliz tilidan tarjima)

Fitch Ratings-Moskva-17 may 2021 y. Fitch Ratings “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Tashqi iqtisodiy faoliyat milliy banki” AJning (keyinchalik- "O‘zmillybank" AJ) uzoq muddatli emitent defolti reytingini ("EDR") "Barqaror" prognoz bilan "BB-" darajada va «b» barqarorlik reytingini tasdiqladi.


EDR ASOSIY REYTING OMILLARI, QO‘LLAB-QUVVATLASH REYTINGI, UZOQ MUDDATLI EDR QO‘LLAB-QUVVATLASH DARAJASI VA QARZ REYTINGLARI

"O‘zmillybank" AJ EDRini tasdiqlanishi Fitchning O‘zbekiston hukumati tomonidan zarur bo‘lganda qo‘llab-quvvatlashning mo‘tadil ehtimoli to‘g‘risidagi fikrini aks etadi, va bu bankning qo‘llab-quvvatlash reytingi "3" va uzoq muddatli EDRni qo‘llab-quvvatlash darajasi "BB-" ekanligi ko‘rsatib turibdi. Bunday fikr majoritar davlat mulkini, muhim tizimli ahamiyatini, davlat tomonidan o‘tkazilayotgan iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy siyosatda bankning muhim rolini, davlat xalqaro zaxiralariga nisbatan potensial qo‘llab-quvvatlashning past narxini, hamda kapital va likvidlik bilan qo‘llab-quvvatlash tarixini hisobga oladi.

2020 yili nashr qilingan bank timizini o‘rta muddatli istiqbolda rivojlantirish strategiyasiga muvofiq, "O‘zmillybank" AJ 2025 yilning oxiriga borib xususiylashtirilishi rejalashtirilgan davlat banklarining ro‘yxatiga kiritilmagan. Fitch, o‘tkazilayotgan siyosat doirasida "O‘zmillybank" AJ o‘zining muhim rolini saqlab qolishi va shu o‘rinda chakana va korporativ mijozlar bazasini kengaytirishiga ishonch bildirdi.

Hukumatning qo‘llab-quvvatlash qobiliyati bank sektorining (2020 yilning oxiriga umumiy aktivlar YaIMdan 63%ni tashkil qilgan) va yirik xalqaro zaxiralaryning (2020 yilning oxiriga 35 mlrd. dollar) mo‘tadil hajmining iqtisodiyotga nisbati bilan belgilanadi. Biroq, qo‘llab-quvvatlash qobiliyatini baholashda bank sektoridagi konsentratsiyaning yuqori darajasi (2021 yil 1-choragining oxiriga davlat mulkidagi banklarga sektor aktivlaridan 85%i to‘g‘ri kelgan), kreditlarning yuqori dollarlanishi (2021 yil 1-chorak oxiriga 50%), bank sektorida tashqi fondlashning yuqori ulushi va volatil operatsion muhit sharoitlarining tashqi shoklarga ta’sirchanligi, ayniqsa davlat moliyalari xom-ashyo tovarlarining eksportiga va chet elda ishlayotgan O‘zbekiston fuqarolarining pul o‘tkazmalariga ta’sirchanligini inobatga olgan holda, hisobga olingan, .

"O‘zmillybank" AJ reytinglari bo‘yicha "Barqaror" prognoz suveren reyting bo‘yicha prognozni aks ettiradi.

"O‘zmillybank" AJ ustuvor ta’minlanmagan qarzining reytingi uning uzoq muddatli EDRi bilan bir pog‘onada turadi.

BARQARORLIK REYTINGI

"O‘zmillybank" AJ barqarorlik reytingini "b" darajada tasdiqlanishi kuchli mijozlar bazasini, aktivlarning tegishli sifatini va davlat kapitali badallari hisobiga qo‘llab-quvvatlanadigan yaxshi kapitalizatsiyani aks ettiradi. Reyting, shuningdek, balansning yuqori dollarlanishni , oxirgi yillardagi tez o‘sishini hisobga oladi, bu esa ahamiyatli tarzda "yetilmagan" kredit portfelini, chet el banklari va xalqaro moliya institutlaridan fondlash xususida yuqori bog’liqlikni va asosiy faoliyatdan yuqori bo‘lmagan daromadlilikni keltirib chiqardi.

Uchta pastki tartibga soluvchi toifaga (qadrsizlangan kreditlarning approksimatsiyasi) kiruvchi kreditlar 2020 yilning oxiriga kelib mo‘tadil 3,2%ni tashkil qilgan va 68%ga zaxiralar hisobidan qoplangan. 2020 yili bank taxminan 7% yalpi kreditlar bo‘yicha kredit ta’tillarini taqdim etgan. Oxirgi yillarda kredit portfelini tez o‘sishi (2017-2020 yillarda 5-barobarga o‘sishi) ko‘pincha imtiyozli davrlar bilan uzoq muddatli direktiv kreditlash (2020 yilning oxiriga summar kreditlardan 50%-60%) tufayli yuzaga kelgan. Bu "O‘zmillybank" AJ da kredit portfelining "yetilmagan" xususiyatini va aktivlarning ahamiyatli tarzda vaqt bilan sinalmagan sifatini keltirib chiqargan. Rivojlanish davlat dasturlari doirasida kreditlarning asosiy qismi davlat va davlat bilan bog‘liq kompaniyalarga taqdim etilgan, bu esa bog‘liq tomonlar uchun yuqori xavfni yuzaga keltirgan (2020 yil 1-yarim yilligining oxiriga yalpi kreditlardan 58%). Aktivlar sifati bo‘yicha xavflar bankning bir qator yirik kreditlari bo‘yicha davlat tomonidan kafolat mavjudligi bilan ravonlashadi (2020 yilning oxiriga umumiy yalpi kreditlardan taxminan 42%).

2020 yilda xavf bo‘yicha o‘lchangan aktivlarga nisbatan operatsion foyda 2% bo‘lganda daromadlilik mo‘tadil hisoblanadi (milliy standartlar bo‘yicha hisobot ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra). "O‘zmillybank" AJ da rivojlanishni kreditlash past marjinal bo‘lganligi tufayli sof foiz marjasi bosim ostida qolgan, lekin tijorat kreditlash kengaytirilishi tufayli 2020 yilda 4%ga yaxshilangan. 2020 yilda zaxiralashga qadar kreditlar bo‘yicha zaxiralarga ketgan xarajatlar 47%ni tashkil qilgan, shuning uchun kapitalga bo‘lgan daromadlilik 7%li mo‘tadil darajada bo‘lgan.

Xavf bo‘yicha o‘lchangan tartibga soluvchi aktivlarga nisbatan agentlik metodologiyasi bo‘yicha hisoblanadigan Fitch asosiy kapitalining nisbati 2019 yilning oxiridagi 20%ga nisbatan pasayib, 2020 yilning oxiriga 18%li yaxshi darajada bo‘lgan, sababi kreditlashni o‘sishi foyda hisobiga kapital ishlab chiqarilishidan oshib ketgan. 2020 yilning oxiriga 1 darajadagi kapital ko‘rsatkichi 22%da va umumiy kapital yetarliligining ko‘rsatkichi 26%da, kapital yetarliligining tartibga soluvchi ko‘rsatkichlari ham bankda yuqori bo‘lgan, bu esa minimal tartibga soluvchi talablarga nisbatan mustahkamlilikning qulay zaxirasini ta’minlaydi (tegishli ravishda 10% va 13%).

Fitchning fikricha, "O‘zmillybank" AJda fondlash profili xalqaro bank guruhlari va xalqaro moliya institutlaridan jalb qilingan qarzlarga yuqori bog’liqligi tufayli tuzilmaviy jihatdan zaif hisoblanadi, bu 2021 yil 1-choragining oxirida kreditlarning depozitlarga 3,5 barobar nisbatida aks ettirilgan. 2021 yil 1-choragida “O‘zmillybank” AJda tashqi fondlashga qarzli moliyalashtirishning 56% to‘g‘ri kelgan, davlat fondlashi yana 20%ni tashkil qilgan. Bankning qarzlarni so‘ndirish jadvali asosan uzoq muddatli kreditlar bo‘yicha to‘lovlarga to’g’ri keladi ("O‘zmillybank" AJ umumiy tashqi qarzlaridan 66% bo‘yicha so‘ndirish muddatlari 2021 yil 1-choragining oxiridan ikki yildan ortiq muddatdan keyin keladi). Shunga qaramasdan qisqa muddatli valyuta qarzlari ahamiyatli bo‘lgan: 2021 yil 1-choragining oxirida taxminan 4,1 trln. so‘m (taxminan 400 mln. dollar) bo‘yicha so‘ndirish muddatlari 12 oy mobaynida kelgan, bu esa xuddi o‘sha sanaga likvid aktivlarning 50%iga teng bo‘lgan.

REYTINGLARGA TA'SIR QILISHI MUMKIN BO'LGAN OMILLAR

Alohida yoki birgalikda ijobiy reytinga/reytingning oshishiga olib kelishi mumkin bo‘lgan omillar:

Qo‘llab-quvvatlashga asoslangan reytinglar O‘zbekiston suveren reytingi oshgan holatda oshishi mumkin.

O‘zbekistonda operatsion muhit yaxshilangan, aktivlar sifati uzoq muddat barqaror bo‘lgan daromadlilik yaxshilangan, balansning dollarlanishi pasaygan va fondlash tuzilmasi yaxshilangan holatlarda barqarorlik reytingi oshishi mumkin.

Alohida yoki birgalikda salbiy reytinga/reytingning tushishiga olib kelishi mumkin bo‘lgan omillar:

O‘zbekiston suveren reytingi pasayganda yoki agentlikning O‘zbekiston hukumati bankni qo‘llab-quvvatlashga qodirligi yoki tayyorligi to‘g‘risidagi fikri o‘zgarganda, qo‘llab-quvvatlashga asoslangan reytinglar pasayishi mumkin.

Bank barqarorligi reytingi bank aktivlarining sifati keskin yomonlashishi natijasida pasayishi mumkin, bu esa zarar ko‘rsatkichlariga olib keladi va shu tarzda bankda kapital zaxirasini minimal tartibga soluvchi darajalarning ustidan kamida 100 b.p.ga qisqartirgan bo‘ladi. Shu bilan birga, bugungi kunda Fitch bunday ssenariyni kam ehtimolli deb hisoblaydi. Bank kredit portfeli tomonidan yetarlicha pul oqimlari ishlab chiqarilmasligi natijasida “O‘zmillybank” AJda likvidlik zaxirasi, shu jumladan, chet el valyutasidagi zaxirasining yomonlashishi, agar bu narsa davlatdan likvidlik badallari bilan qoplanmasa, kreditga layoqatliligi uchun salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatish mumkin.

IJOBIY/SALBIY REYTING SSENARIYSI

Moliya institutlari sektorida emitentlar uchun xalqaro shkala bo‘yicha kredit reytinglari uch yillik reyting gorizonti davomida reytinglarning uch pog‘onaga oshishini nazarda tutuvchi ijobiy reyting ssenariysiga (reytinglarning ijobiy yo‘nalishda o‘zgaradigan 99-protsentili sifatida belgilanadi), va uch yil davomida reytinglarni to‘rtta pog‘onaga tushishini nazarda tutuvchi salbiy reyting ssenariysiga (reytinglarning salbiy yo‘nalishda o‘zgarishining 99-protsentili sifatida belgilanadi) ega. Barcha reyting toifalarining ijobiy va salbiy ssenariylari uchun kredit reytinglarning to‘liq diapazoni "AAA" dan "D" gacha bo‘lgan chegarada joylashgan. Ijobiy va salbiy ssenariylar doirasidagi kredit reytinglar tarixiy ko‘rsatkichlarga asoslangan. Aniq sektor bo‘yicha ijobiy va salbiy ssenariylar uchun kredit reytinglarini aniqlashda qo‘llaniladigan metodologiyalar to‘g‘risidagi yanada batafsilroq ma’lumotni quyidagi havola orqali olishingiz mumkin:  https://www.fitchratings.com/site/re/10111579

ASOSIY REYTING OMILI SIFATIDA KO'RSATILGAN MUHIM AHAMIYATGA EGA MANBAGA HAVOLALAR

Tahlilda ishlatiladigan asosiy axborot manbalari "Qo'llaniladigan metodologiya" bo'limida keltirilgan.

BOSHQA REYTINGLARGA BOG‘LANGAN OMMAVIY REYTINGLAR

"O‘zmillybank" AJning EDRi, uzoq muddatli EDRini qo‘llab-quvvatlash reytingi va qo‘llab-quvvatlash darajasi to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri O‘zbekistonning suveren reytingiga bog‘liq.

 

EKOLOGIK, IJTIMOIY VA BOSHQARUV OMILLARI

"Boshqaruv tuzilmasi" parametri bo‘yicha "O‘zmillybank" AJ ekologik, ijtimoiy va boshqaruv omillari (ESG) relevantligining "4" balliga ega, chunki bankning faoliyatida va strategiyasini ishlab chiqishga doir bank boshqaruvida davlat direktorlar kengashi darajasida ahamiyatli darajada ishtirok etadi.

Agar mazkur bo‘limda boshqasi ko‘rsatilmagan bo‘lsa, unda ekologik, ijtimoiy va boshqaruv omillar (ESG) relevantligining eng yuqori darajasi "3" skoring balliga to‘g‘ri keladi. Bu demak, emitentning kreditga layoqatliligi uchun ushbu omillar neytral hisoblanadi yoki ushbu omillarning xususiyati tufayli, yoki emitent ushbu omillarni qanday boshqarayotganligiga qarab, uning kreditga layoqatliligiga minimal ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. ESG relevantligining skoring ballari to‘g‘risidagi yanada batafsil ma’lumot www.fitchratings.com/esg saytida taqdim etilgan.

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Time for processing takes 1-3 days depending on the completeness of the documents submitted.
Various collateral, including real estate, motor vehicles, as well as sureties of individuals or legal entities are accepted.
Penalty-free early repayment of the loan is permitted
It's worth noting that insurance and collateral costs may be in addition to the principal interest for the loan. However, there are no hidden costs.
The period of registration of the company must exceed 1 year
Answer:
- Passports of founders, director, chief accountant;
- Order for Director’s appointment;
- Certificate of state registration;
- Decision of founders;
- Licenses;
- Cadastre file/ data sheet for the collateral;
- Photo of the collateral;
- Contract with the supplier;
- Copy of the rental agreement/ certificate
- Certificate of ownership for the premises used for business;

This list is not exhaustive for loan consideration and the consideration and Bank staff may request other information and documents regarding project concerned.

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